Inside pages of the passport (No. 4), showing the letter J (Jude) and the name "Israel", 1938
In August 1938, the German authorities decreed that Jewish men and women with first names of "non-Jewish" origin had to add "Israel" and "Sara" respectively to their names. All Jews had to carry identity cards indicating their Jewish origin, and, in the autumn of 1938, all Jewish passports were stamped with an identifying letter "J".